COORDINATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE AUTHORITIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA IN AN EMERGENCY SITUATION - Наукові конференції
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Рік заснування видання - 2014

COORDINATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE AUTHORITIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA IN AN EMERGENCY SITUATION

20.10.2021 23:27

[Секція 2. Конституційне право. Конституційне процесуальне право. Міжнародне право]

Автор: Maksurov Alexey Anatolevich, PhD in Law, Professor, Kiev National University named after Taras Shevchenko


Coordination of the activities of the authorities of the Republic of Moldova in an emergency situation is a rather complex mechanism of legal regulation. Its foundations are laid down in constitutional legislation, and then are reflected in laws and by-laws.

First of all, the legal doctrine of Moldova presupposes the existence of three special legal regimes: state of emergency, state of siege and martial law. According to paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 21 of the Constitutional Law of the Republic of Moldova No. 212 of 24.06.2004 "On the regimes of emergency, siege and martial law" [1], when declaring a state of emergency in connection with the threat or occurrence of emergency situations of natural, man-made or socially- biological nature, which necessitates the prevention, reduction and elimination of their consequences, planning, organization and coordination of activities to take the necessary measures are entrusted to the Commission for Emergency Situations of the Republic of Moldova, and coordination of the implementation of appropriate measures - to the Civil Protection and Emergency Situations Service. When a state of emergency is declared in a certain territory, this territory is managed by the Commission on Emergency Situations of the relevant local public administration body, acting under the leadership of the Commission on Emergency Situations of the Republic of Moldova. Coordination of the implementation of the relevant measures is entrusted to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Information and Security Service of the Republic of Moldova.

Paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 30 of the Law provide that, when a state of siege is declared, for the purpose of planning, organizing and coordinating activities for the defense of the country and ensuring the security of the State, on the basis of a decree of the President of the Republic of Moldova, the Supreme Security Council is transformed into the Supreme Defense Council. By virtue of paragraph 1 of Article 31 of the Law, for the purpose of planning, organizing and coordinating local defense activities, territorial defense councils are established in administrative-territorial units of the second level, an autonomous territorial entity with a special legal status. However, the Government also exercises anti-crisis powers on the basis of article 36 of the Law. The correlation of "ordinary" and extraordinary powers is fixed in presidential decrees, for example, in the Decree of the President of the Republic of Moldova No. 331 dated 08.10.1997 "On approval of the Regulations on the Supreme Security Council" [2].

An analysis of the legislation of the Republic of Moldova shows that most internal changes occur within the framework of two types of relations within public authorities. The first type is organizational relations built on subordination. The second type should include communications based on the principle of coordination (subject-subject, object-object communication). 

Literature:

1. Constitutional Law of the Republic of Moldova No. 212 of 24.06.2004 "On the regimes of emergency, siege and martial law" // http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=312211&lang=2

2. Decree of the President of the Republic of Moldova No. 331 of 08.10.1997 "On approval of the Regulations on the Supreme Security Council" // http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=290266&lang=2 



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